OT week is in October and we are celebrating all month, focusing the next few posts on OT topics. We will have posts over the next few weeks on OT assessments, motor skills and daily living skills. Let's start with an overview of all the things OTs can do to help your child.
Here is the official definition. "Occupational therapy is a client-centred health profession concerned with promoting health and well-being through occupation. The primary goal of occupational therapy is to enable people to participate in the activities of everyday life. Occupational therapists achieve this outcome by working with people and communities to enhance their ability to engage in the occupations they want to, need to, or are expected to do, or by modifying the occupation or the environment to better support their occupational engagement". (World Federation of Occupational Therapists 2012)
So how does this relate to children?
OTs help children "participate in the activities of daily life". These are things that children want to do, such as play activities; need to do, such as daily living activities like eating, dressing and toileting; and are expected to do, such as academic activities like reading and writing.
OT focuses on tasks that children do:
• At home such as sleeping, toileting, mealtimes, dressing, bathing, grooming
• At preschool, school and child care such as listening, paying attention, playing, fine and gross motor skills, reading, writing
• In social settings such as playing and social interaction
• When using tools such as pencils, scissors, button, shoelaces, cutlery
OTs can help children develop skills in the following areas:
Fine motor skills: These are tasks which require careful control of movements, usually involving the hands, such as cutting, drawing, writing, threading, building, doing puzzles and so on. Problems with fine motor skills can lead to problems with handwriting and daily activities such as using cutlery, doing up buttons and tying shoelaces.
Gross motor skills: These are whole body movements such as sitting, walking, crawling, and climbing. Skills such as balance and maintaining a stable posture are important for focus and being able to do fine motor tasks.
Sensory processing: This relates to the way a child makes sense of messages from their senses of vision, hearing, smell, touch, taste and movement. Children need to focus on what is important and ignore what is not. Some children are under-sensitive to messages from their senses and so may seek out more stimulation by constantly moving, touching, or mouthing things. Others are over-sensitive and find it hard to ignore unimportant sensations of sound, movement, touch or visual information that others block out. This may make it hard for them to focus and they may be distracted and irritable or they may try to avoid situations where feel overstimulated.
Activities of daily living: This includes eating, settling to sleep, toileting, dressing and grooming.
School readiness: this includes skills such as attention, concentration, posture control, pencil skills, memory skills and visual perception.
Play skills: These include imitation, social play, imaginative play and pretend play.
How would an occupational therapist work with my child?
An occupational therapist will:
• gather information from parents and other important people in your child's life such as teachers or carers
• assess your child's skills through watching your child do specific tasks. This may include the use of tests designed specifically to assess certain skills.
• analyse your child's strengths and weakness
• develop a suitable intervention program
• help the child to develop target skills though specially chosen activities in therapy sessions and through home and school programs
• provide strategies for parents, teachers and career’s to support the child in their daily activities.
Children who can benefit from an occupational therapist include:
• children with developmental delays or disabilities including autism spectrum disorders, intellectual disabilities, physical disabilities and learning difficulties
• children who have difficulties with attention, concentration, staying on task or sitting still
• children who have difficulties with handwriting
• children who have difficulties using things such as cutlery, scissors, buttons, shoelaces, pencils
• children who are poorly coordinated or lack confidence with physical tasks
• children who have difficulties with daily activities such as eating, sleeping, dressing, bathing, toileting
• children who are over-sensitive to noise, touch, smell, taste, movement or textures
• children who seek stimulation by excessive touching, fiddling, wriggling, chewing or mouthing objects
• children who have difficulties regulating their emotions or behaviour which may result in tantrums, meltdowns and other behaviours
• children who are delayed in the development of play skills or social skills
Talking Matters has a number of occupational therapists that can provide assessments and therapy for children aged from 18 months. We offer school based therapy at a number of local schools as well as from our bright, child friendly rooms in Elizabeth Downs. We now have a great new outdoor therapy space too.
To find out more about our OT service and how we can help your child browse our website. Eligible families can use NDIS, HCWA, Medicare and private health rebates to access our services. Find out more about funding options here.
Are you a teacher in Adelaide who would like to find out more? We have a workshop coming up in November on Occupational therapy in the classroom. Click here to find out more!
Our website now has lots of occupational therapy information sheets to download on motor skills, sensory integration and daily living skills. There are also lots of great activity ideas on the Talking Matters Pinterest page.
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